The Milestones Programme

From learning to swim to becoming a swimmer

Big Squids is our advanced, bespoke programme for 5 to 10-year-olds — five stages of aspirations, not tests, helping every child progress in their own way and at their own speed.

About Big Squids →
A Big Squids instructor supporting a child swimming with a float
The Big Squids mascot

Stage 1 → Stage 2 → Stage 3 → Stage 4 → Stage 5

Each stage is an aspiration, not a test — every child works towards these milestones in their own way and at their own speed. Tap a stop on the path to see what your child will work towards.

  1. Stage 1 is about building confidence in the water and moving from supported to independent movement — getting the face in, finding a good body position, and completing short aided swims.

    Propulsion

    • Move freely in the shallow end for 5m — walk, hop, skip, jump
    • 5m leg kick on front and back, with equipment or support
    • Push and glide "rocket" from the wall, with equipment or support
    • Introduction to breaststroke leg kicks, with support
    • Dolphin wiggle while standing

    Rotation

    • Spin or roll front-to-back without touching the floor, with support

    Floatation

    • Star float on front and back, 3–5 seconds, with support — ears in, regain feet

    Breathing

    • Goggles, cheek dips, chin in — calm with water on the face
    • Bubbles or hums building to 3 rhythmic breaths

    Water Safety

    • Safe entry and exit using steps and swivel entry / climb exit
    • Move 5m along the rail; safe seated entries and exits
    • Sitting dive or jump (assisted) from the wall or a big mat
    • Can give two examples of pool rules
  2. Stage 2 builds on that early confidence with real independence — mastering submersions, coordinating arms and legs, and completing unaided 5m swims.

    Propulsion

    • 5m independent push, glide, front crawl (unaided)
    • Full arm strokes, surface recovery, rhythmic breathing
    • 5m independent backstroke, hands by sides, long kicks
    • 5m breaststroke leg kick, early arm pull
    • Dolphin wiggle, standing into prone

    Rotation

    • Vertical-to-horizontal transition, minimal support

    Floatation

    • Back star float, 5–10s, reduced support, regain feet
    • Introduction to the mushroom float
    • Tuck-and-rotate: front, tuck, back float, reverse

    Breathing

    • Side-breathing holding a float, humming rhythmically

    Water Safety

    • Jump in, surface, float, swim back to the wall
    • Independent jumps, big toes over the edge, feet first
    • Big mat: standing, sitting, rolls, dolphin dips
    • A sitting dive, with support if needed
    • Full submerge to collect an object, eyes open
    • Exit the water safely without support
  3. Stage 3 is about going further and putting it all together — longer distances and the beginnings of self-rescue sequences.

    Propulsion

    • 10–15m swim, front crawl, backstroke or breaststroke
    • Push, glide and swim 10–15m with rhythmic side breathing
    • Push, glide and swim 10–15m backstroke, shallow arm pull
    • 10m breaststroke leg kick with an early arm pull
    • 5m independent dolphin kick, arms by the sides

    Rotation

    • Log rolls — front to back and back to front, 5–10m each way

    Floatation

    • Star float into backstroke leg kicks, moving 10m
    • Two different float shapes, held 5 seconds each
    • Back star float, 10 seconds, progressing into shape changes
    • Tuck-and-rotate sequence, repeated

    Breathing

    • Bilateral breathing (both sides) for 10m

    Water Safety

    • Sink a toy, dive to retrieve it, surface safely
    • Jump, submerge, surface, float, swim back — unaided
    • Independent jumps, feet first — no assistance
    • A sitting dive, unaided
  4. Stage 4 is all about technical efficiency — refining technique across all four strokes for longer, unaided swims.

    Propulsion

    • 15m continuous swim, mixed strokes
    • 15m front crawl, streamlined technique
    • 15m backstroke, streamlined technique
    • 10m breaststroke kick, good technique
    • 10m dolphin wiggle, early arm pull

    Rotation

    • Surface dive, floor to wall
    • Headfirst sculling for 5m in back float
    • Log roll continuously, front and back
    • A 360-degree somersault in the water

    Floatation

    • Star, pencil, mushroom floats, 10–30s
    • Sequence of 3 changing float shapes
    • "Survival float" for 30 seconds

    Breathing

    • 5m underwater swim, calm exhale

    Water Safety

    • Jump entry, 180° rotation, return
    • Treading water and sculling, introduced
    • Raised-fist help signal, back floating
    • Sitting and kneeling dives, unaided
  5. Stage 5 is performance swimming — technical 25m swims to Swim England and STA industry standards, with advanced water safety skills.

    Propulsion

    • 25m front crawl and backstroke, industry standard
    • 10m breaststroke and butterfly, industry standard
    • Push, glide, swim all four strokes to standard

    Rotation

    • A handstand, held unaided for 3 seconds
    • A forwards somersault
    • A tumble turn (or touch-turn) off the wall

    Floatation

    • Treading water, 30 seconds to 1 minute

    Breathing

    • Advanced, rhythmic breathing, all four strokes

    Water Safety

    • Full sequence: clothed entry, swim 10m, float, exit
    • Straddle, pencil and fall-in entries, with recovery
    • Float on the back for 1 minute, unaided
    • Tread water 30 seconds; 360-degree rotation
    • "Shout & Signal" and HELP position, floating object
    • Feet- and head-first sculling on the back, 5–10m
    • Sitting, kneeling and standing dives

Common questions

A few things parents often ask us before their child starts, or partway through the programme.

Are these stages a test?

No — they're aspirations, not a test or a tick-box exercise. We know every child is individual, so we help them understand and learn in their own way and at their own speed, rather than measuring them against a fixed pass mark.

What if my child has additional needs?

We adapt how we teach, not what we teach. Children with different physical or neurodiverse needs work towards the same STA and Swim England-recognised milestones as everyone else, in whichever way best suits their abilities — the standard is the same, taught in kind, supportive and calm ways.

Milestone wording is adapted from the Big Squids Milestones brochure for parents; teaching staff work from the full internal version, including inclusive-teaching adaptations for individual needs.